Design and optimization of an UWB microstrip patch antenna using dielectric substrates Duroid 5880 And FR4

Abstract

No longer new in wireless technology; the ultra wide band (UWB) radio transmits large amounts of digital data over a wide spectrum of frequency bands (>500MHz) at distance up to 230 ft at very low power (< 0.5 mW), As well as can carry signals through doors or obstacles; that tend to reflect signals at limited bandwidths and at higher power. The low power spectral density limits the interference potential with conventional radio systems. High bandwidth can allow very high data throughput for communication, or high precision for location and imaging devices. The Shannon‟s Theorem given by, Channel capacity; C= B. ln(1+ SNR); Where, B is bandwidth shows us that the channel capacity increases with the channel bandwidth. Design and development of a rectangular micro strip slot patch antenna for short distance ultra wideband communication has been demonstrated in this project. Different antenna family for wide band communication has been studied. Suitable antenna architecture is to be proposed for ultra wide band application analyzed using HFSS 15. Result required 1 GHz bandwidth for the applied substrate thickness 5 mm and resonance frequency 5 GHz, the impedance matched and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) closest to 1. However, using different sizes, shapes, allocation and number of slots on patch to obtain the foremost required bandwidth for UWB application was the challenging part. The architecture has been developed to transmit over a bandwidth of 0.96 GHz which is close to required 1 GHz, having VSWR of 1.2202. Further modifications of the design can optimize the antenna for best result.