A review paper on Nanotechnology based strategies in the treatment of cancer

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a new discipline meeting the requirement for novel methods in cancer treatment. Recently, cancer became very fatal condition that causes death worldwide. Hence, traditional cancer treatment like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery shows higher amount of side effects such as off-target toxicity, tumor resistance and myelosuppression which reduce the effectiveness and patient compliance gradually. Nanotechnology provides characteristics such as bioavailability, biodegradability, controlled release, high target specificity, and co delivery of the drugs for combination therapy. Current available strategies for nanoparticle mediated cancer treatment includes nanomedicines, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, biomimetic nanoparticles, different types of immunotherapies like CAR-T cell base nano therapy, CRISPR/Cas’s nanoparticle mediated therapy, nano chemotherapeutics agents and also nano vaccines. This review discusses, current emergence of nanotechnology mediated cancer treatment studies around worldwide. Therefore, future research will also look into nanoparticles based on smart target therapy or combination therapy, as well as RNA-mediated therapy in the treatment of cancer.