A review on the use of carfilzomib and bortezomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma

Abstract

Many people worldwide suffer from multiple myeloma, a blood cancer that is fatal and difficult to treat. Therapy has advanced significantly, but recurrence and treatment resistance remain significant issues. Two important medicines in the proteasome inhibitor class that have revolutionized the treatment of multiple myeloma are carfilzomib and bortezomib. Bortezomib, the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the FDA, has shown considerable promise in extending life and triggering remission. However, newer medications have been developed as a result its reversible inhibition and adverse effects, like peripheral neuropathy. It has been demonstrated that carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, is more beneficial in instances that have not responded to prior treatments or have relapsed. Carfilzomib permanently stops the enzyme which can cause multiple myeloma. It is a superior option for certain patients because it has also been demonstrated to have a lower risk of side effects like neuropathy. This review compares the efficacy, safety, and long-term performance of carfilzomib versus bortezomib based on data from clinical trials. Making better decisions concerning the treatment of multiple myeloma and planning for future treatments can be aided by the information provided.