Review on topical steroid withdrawal syndrome: prevalence, risk factors, and management strategies

Abstract

Topical steroid withdrawal syndrome (TSWS) has become a recognized condition emerging from prolonged use of topical corticosteroids, and this condition is characterized by burning sensation, eczema, and severe itching. This review aimed to synthesize the information about the prevalence, risk factors, and management strategies of TSWS. A narrative review methodology was employed, and the information was synthesized from case reports, qualitative analysis, systematic review, and surveys which was published between 2000 and 2025. The major findings indicated increasing recognition of TSWS through the patient-reported experiences on social media platforms, yet remains underdiagnosed due to a lack of standard treatment strategies. This evidence highlighted the gaps in the diagnostic criteria, evidence-based treatment plans, and the pathophysiology of TSWS. Addressing these gaps may introduce advanced therapeutic care for the patients, which will enhance the quality of life, and strengthen the relationship between the doctor and patient.