Emerging therapies of Alzheimer’s disease: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is a complex, debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, with a rapidly increasing worldwide prevalence. Despite decades of intense research, therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease are still limited to symptomatic treatments that provide only short-term relief. In recent years, a range of new therapies with better precision have emerged; some are at the pre-clinical stage while some have been tested in clinical trials too. The aim of newer therapies it to treat the underlying cause of AD, provide more safety and long term efficacy. Besides, innovative strategies such as artificial intelligence and personalized medicine have also been introduced to provide more targeted treatment based on patient characteristics and genetic makeup. This comprehensive paper will discuss the various emerging therapies for AD including small molecule drugs, gene therapy, stem cell therapy, followed by a glimpse into the knowledge gaps that will guide research into AD therapeutics over the next decade.