Genetic evidence of sex difference in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a review

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that has prominent genetic evidence of having gender difference in the identification and distribution of ASD characteristics in patients. The aim of the review is to emphasize on the genetic evidence of gender difference in ASD. This study assists in acknowledging the major reasons behind males being prone to be diagnosed or affected with this disorder. Here, the initial cause was mutations and neuron dysfunctions followed by the ASD risk genes and its association with lncRNAs. Then, the impact of sex difference biology was grounded in. Lastly, the significance of RORA receptor regulation predicted male biased prevalence in ASD was described in the review. Nevertheless, profound future work from both ASD and the genetic discussion of the gender difference in ASD is a subject to look forward to enrich our understanding on the mechanism of the noted factors in attuning ASD risk.