In-silico based multi epitope vaccine construction against Salmonella Typhimurium: a comparative study

Abstract

Salmonella Typhimurium is the major cause of foodborne illnesses globally, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Although, there are many efficacious antibiotics, development of vaccine against this pathogen is necessary for public health due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, chronic infections with Salmonella Typhimurium have been implicated in the development of colon cancer in recent investigations. This study presents a comparative analysis of in silico based multi epitope vaccine construction against Salmonella typhimurium targeting 7 different proteins. Each protein was evaluated for vaccine antigenicity, physicochemical properties and structural stability using immune informative approach to identify the most suitable vaccine candidate. Various tools were used to identify the different epitopes of HTL, CTL B cell, which were connected using suitable linkers. Physicochemical properties was also check for the prepared vaccine through using Protparam. Molecular Docking was done with TLR- 4 for checking the residual interaction. Among the proteins investigated, lipoprotein emerged as the most promising candidate demonstrating superior vaccine antigenicity, favorable physical properties and structural stability. This finding highlights the potential of lipoprotein based vaccine in combating Salmonella typhimurium infection offering a pathway to improve preventive strategies. Additional research by collaborating both laboratory & biological system is required to confirm the reliability and potency of the vaccine.