A review on genotoxicity of different drug molecule

Abstract

In the field of genetics, genotoxicity is a property of chemical compounds that results in mutations by harming a cell’s genetic material. In genetics, it’s also used to define a harmful reaction on a cell’s genetic substance (DNA, RNA) that changes the integrity of the cell. Mutagens are substances that are responsible for mutations. Radiation and chemical genotoxins are both examples of genotoxins. A genotoxin is a substance that possesses the property of genotoxicity. Genotoxic impurities (GTIs) are chemicals that can cause cancer by causing genetic mutations, chromosomal breakage, and/or chromosomal rearrangements. The main issue is that genotoxic substance of drug may trigger somatic mutations or cause cancer. Drug substances are vulnerable to chemical reactions with other components such as excipients or their contaminants, drug substance counter ions, residual solvents, and degradation reaction side-products. This review study focuses on the necessity for genotoxicity, the importance of genotoxicity, genotoxicity mechanisms, genotoxicity testing and genotoxicity evaluation. Besides, this paper also reviews the genotoxicity of some different drug molecule.