Study the dynamic performance of an AC multimachine power system with PV integration

Abstract

The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into multimachine AC power grids is vital for addressing the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy. This study investigates the dynamic performance of a multimachine AC power system with integrated PV generation. A detailed AC system model is developed. After conducting load flow analysis, one of the synchronous generators is replaced with a PV system to simulate renewable energy penetration. PV model is implemented to accurately represents its behavior in the grid. A PI controller is designed and applied to the system to enhance grid stability through voltage and frequency regulation. Since PV systems typically inject only real power and do not contribute reactive power support, thereby directly enhancing the damping characteristics of the system. The model development and simulations are performed and validated in MATLAB. Results reveal the impact of PV integration on the multimachine system, showing variations in transient stability and fault response. The integration of PV into the AC system contributes energy production as well as improves system transient performance, reducing generator stress, and improving overall dynamic stability. This study offers 5th order modeling for generators and new insights into the role of renewable generation in supporting conventional grid systems, particularly under transient and dynamic operating conditions.