Comparative in vitro evaluation of antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of Elaeocarpus floribundus

Abstract

Elaeocarpus Floribundus was evaluated for antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant potential using three leaf extracts prepared by Buckner filtration (E1), rotary evaporation (E2), and air-drying (E3) and screened in baker’s yeast glucose-uptake, HRBC hypotonichemolysis, and DPPH assays with metformin, diclofenac, and ascorbic acid as benchmarks (triplicates). E2 produced the highest yeast glucose uptake (68.0%), closely matching metformin (68.35%), followed by E3 (59.5%) and E1 (54.4%). In the HRBC assay at 400 μg mL⁻¹, inhibition ranked diclofenac 85.6%, E1 81.7%, E2 81.0%, and E3 43.7%, indicating strong membrane-stabilizing activity for E1/E2. DPPH profiling revealed concentrationdependent scavenging for all extracts; E3 was most potent with IC₅₀ < 10 μg mL⁻¹ and >50% inhibition at 10 μg mL⁻¹, whereas E1 and E2 were moderate (IC₅₀ ≈ 65 and 71 μg mL⁻¹, respectively); ascorbic acid showed IC₅₀ < 10 μg mL⁻¹ and >90% inhibition. Collectively, extraction strategy dictated functional profiles, with E2 strongest on metabolic and membrane endpoints and E3 a superior radical scavenger, supporting subsequent phytochemical standardization, mechanistic evaluation in mammalian systems, and in-vivo validation.