A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for loneliness among geriatric population in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Loneliness is a significant public health problem in the elderly population that affects mental and physical well-being. It is influenced by socio-demographic, economic, and health conditions. In Bangladesh, geriatric loneliness is less researched, and future studies are required to establish the prevalence and determinants of loneliness. Objective: The study aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors of loneliness in older adults in Bangladesh. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 475 older people was conducted using structured questionnaires. Socio-demographic profiles, lifestyle factors, and health status were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence and key determinants of loneliness. Results: Our study found that 22.32% of the subjects were high in loneliness, 58.95% were moderate in loneliness, and 18.74% were low in loneliness. Factors most strongly linked to loneliness were age, marital status, family income, educational level, and residential area. Urban residents, divorcees or widows, and lower educational levels were at risk, while physical activity and social interaction were protective factors. Conclusion: The results indicate a high prevalence of loneliness among the elderly in Bangladesh, and socio-economic and demographic variables play an important contribution. Intervention programs, for example, social activity programs and schemes of allowances, are recommended to be adopted to reduce loneliness and enhance well-being among older persons.