Faculty Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10361/9744

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Innovation for universal health coverage in Bangladesh: a call to action
(© 2013 The Lancet, 2013) Adams, Alayne M.; Ahmed, Tanvir; El Arifeen, Shams E.; Evans, Timothy Grant; Huda, Tanvir M.; Reichenbach, Laura J.; Ahmed, Faruque S K; Ahmed, Shamim; Ahmed, Syéd Masud; Azad, Kishwar; Bhuiya, Abbas Uddin; Mahmood, Shehrin Shaila; Cash, Richard A.; Chen, Lincoln; Chowdhury, Mahbub Elahi Khan; Chowdhury, Ahmed Mushtaque Raza; Christou, Aliki; Halder, Shantana R.; Husain, Mushtuq Mushtaq; Islam, Mohammad Sirajul; Islam, Khaled Shamsul; Huq, Shireen; Hussain, Zakir; Mahmud, Simeen; Mallick, Fuad Hassan; May, Maria A.; Osman, Ferdous Arfina; Peters, David H.; Perry, Henry B.; Rabbani, Atonu; Rahman, Mijanur Aminur; Rahman, Mahmudur Ziaur; Rasheed, Sabrina; Rashid, Sabina F.; Al-Sabir, Ahmed; Standing, Hilary; Mahmud, Simeen; BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health
A post-Millennium Development Goals agenda for health in Bangladesh should be defined to encourage a second generation of health-system innovations under the clarion call of universal health coverage. This agenda should draw on the experience of the first generation of innovations that underlie the country's impressive health achievements and creatively address future health challenges. Central to the reform process will be the development of a multipronged strategic approach that: responds to existing demands in a way that assures affordable, equitable, high-quality health care from a pluralistic health system; anticipates health-care needs in a period of rapid health and social transition; and addresses underlying structural issues that otherwise might hamper progress. A pragmatic reform agenda for achieving universal health coverage in Bangladesh should include development of a long-term national human resources policy and action plan, establishment of a national insurance system, building of an interoperable electronic health information system, investment to strengthen the capacity of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, and creation of a supraministerial council on health. Greater political, financial, and technical investment to implement this reform agenda offers the prospect of a stronger, more resilient, sustainable, and equitable health system.
Flood shelters in Bangladesh: some issues from the user's perspective
(© 2015 Elsevier Inc.) Rahman, Mohammad Aminur; Mallick, Fuad Hassan; Mondal, M. Shahjahan; Rahman, Rezaur; Centre for Climate Change and Environmental Research
Flood is an integral part of Bangladesh and so is the suffering of the people living in flood-prone areas. Unlike cyclone shelters, very few designated flood shelters exist in Bangladesh; this is because of the difference in the nature of these two phenomena. Flood shelters in three locations along three major rivers were visited, and communities were consulted to address some selected issues regarding the shelters. Three major types of flood shelters were identified for the comparison, which are community shelter, school-cum-shelter, and individual homestead. The range of issues included accessibility to shelters, land availability, protection of lives and livelihoods, basic facilities and services, safety and security of women and children, willingness and priority of potential users, and maintenance and cost-effectiveness. The primary objective of this chapter was to investigate the benefits and shortcomings of the types of flood shelters that are in use and check if any particular type of shelter could be recommended as solution. The findings show that each of the three aforementioned types of flood shelters has their pros and cons, and considering the need and aspiration of communities, one particular type of flood shelter might not be suitable across different geographical and social contexts.
Why is drawing important to research?
(© 2012 Journal of Landscape Architecture) Kabir, Khondaker Hasibul; Department of Architecture
Information technology: marriage between it and social business-grameen intel social business ltd.
(Social Business: Theory, Practice, and Critical Perspectives) Nahiduzzaman, Kh Md; Munni, Sheikh Rubaiya Sultana; Department of Architecture
Aiming to reduce infant mortality, improve the mother’s health, and help Bangladeshi rural farmers improve agricultural production, Grameen Intel Social Business Limited was formed in 2009 by Grameen Trust and Intel – linking an organization with decades of experience in addressing poverty to a company with decades of know-how in technology innovation. Grameen Intel is devoted to looking at different ways and means to assist the rural poor by investigating their real needs to find suitable solutions using information and technology (IT). In the agriculture care program, mrittika analyzes soil nutrients to find the deficit nutrition required for enhanced production while ankur is a seed selection application for the rural farmers. Under maternal health programs, shumata is ante-natal care monitoring and tracking software for pregnant women, and dolna is a vaccine scheduling and tracking software for newborns and infants. Given this background, this part of the book attempts to discuss these ongoing programs to view the current and potential effects on the villagers. Moreover, a critical look is given on the geographic dissemination, costs associated with these services and actual benefits.
Adapting buildings to climate change
(© 2012 Open House International) Mallick, Fuad Hassan; Mourshed, Monjur; Department of Architecture
The interdependence and feedback between climate impacts mitigation and adaptation to the inevitable changes in climate are the key challenges for the built environment in the coming decades. These challenges are more pronounced in the interface between science and society, in which scientific knowledge and evidence are transformed into policy actions. This editorial looks at current and growing evidence base on the impacts of climate change and the means to adapt buildings, as well as the interface between policies and evidence base while summarising the contributions to this special issue.
In support of urban adaptation: a participatory assessment process for secondary cities in Vietnam and Bangladesh
(© 1996 Taylor & Francis Online, 2014-02-26) Rahman, Mohammad Aminur; McEvoy, Darryn; Ahmed, Iftekhar; Trundle, Alexei; Sang, Le Thanh; Diem, Nguyen Ngoc; Suu, Lam Thi Thu; Quoc, Tran Ba; Mallick, Fuad Hassan; Rahman, Rezaur; Mukherjee, Nandan; Nishat, Ainun
Vietnam and Bangladesh are countries already impacted by weather-related extreme events. Scientific modelling projections indicate that climate change, and changes to climate variability, will increase risks for both countries in the future. Targeting this challenging contemporary agenda, this paper reflects on the lessons learned from a collaborative research project, funded by the Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research, which was carried out jointly in the Vietnamese city of Huế and the Bangladeshi city of Satkhira. The focus on secondary cities was intentional as they face unique challenges – a combination of rapid growth and development, adverse climate-related impacts, and in many cases less institutional adaptive capacity than their primary city counterparts. Whilst numerous assessment tool kits already exist, these have typically been developed for rural or natural resource contexts. Therefore, the objective of this action research activity was to develop a flexible suite of participatory assessment tools and methodologies that were refined specifically for the urban context; as well as being easy to use by local practitioners at the city and neighbourhood scales. This paper summarizes the research and stakeholder engagement activity that was carried out before presenting the main findings from each of the case study cities (detailing both climate-related risks and potential adaptation options). This analysis is further extended to include a reflective critique of the assessment process, a comparative analysis of the activity carried out in the two case studies, and the ‘South–South’ learning process that occurred between project partners. Key findings are then distilled to put forward recommendations in support of climate change assessment activity in secondary cities across the Asia-Pacific region.
Reducing the health effect of natural hazards in Bangladesh
(© 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc., 2013-11) Rahman, Mohammad Aminur; Mallick, Fuad Hassan; Cash, Richard A; Halder, Shantana R; Husain, Mushtuq; Islam, Md Sirajul; May, Maria A; Rahman, Mahmudur
Bangladesh, with a population of 151 million people, is a country that is particularly prone to natural disasters: 26% of the population are affected by cyclones and 70% live in flood-prone regions. Mortality and morbidity from these events have fallen substantially in the past 50 years, partly because of improvements in disaster management. Thousands of cyclone shelters have been built and government and civil society have mobilised strategies to provide early warning and respond quickly. Increasingly, flood and cyclone interventions have leveraged community resilience, and general activities for poverty reduction have integrated disaster management. Furthermore, overall population health has improved greatly on the basis of successful public health activities, which has helped to mitigate the effect of natural disasters. Challenges to the maintenance and reduction of the effect of cyclones and floods include rapid urbanisation and the growing effect of global warming. Although the effects of earthquakes are unknown, some efforts to prepare for this type of event are underway. This is the fifth in a Series of six papers about innovation for universal health coverage in Bangladesh
Reducing the health effect of natural hazards in Bangladesh
(© 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc., 2013-11) Mallick, Fuad Hassan; Cash, Richard A; Halder, Shantana R; Husain, Mushtuq; Islam, Md Sirajul; May, Maria A; Rahman, Mahmudur; Rahman, M Aminur
Bangladesh, with a population of 151 million people, is a country that is particularly prone to natural disasters: 26% of the population are affected by cyclones and 70% live in flood-prone regions. Mortality and morbidity from these events have fallen substantially in the past 50 years, partly because of improvements in disaster management. Thousands of cyclone shelters have been built and government and civil society have mobilised strategies to provide early warning and respond quickly. Increasingly, flood and cyclone interventions have leveraged community resilience, and general activities for poverty reduction have integrated disaster management. Furthermore, overall population health has improved greatly on the basis of successful public health activities, which has helped to mitigate the effect of natural disasters. Challenges to the maintenance and reduction of the effect of cyclones and floods include rapid urbanisation and the growing effect of global warming. Although the effects of earthquakes are unknown, some efforts to prepare for this type of event are underway. This is the fifth in a Series of six papers about innovation for universal health coverage in Bangladesh

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