Inhibition of acinetobacter baumannii biofilm formation by black pepper extract

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, is considered a significant concern in clinical aspects due to its ability to form biofilms and its resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Black Pepper Extract on Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm formation. The clinical isolates of A. baumannii were collected from patients at the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) and identified using physical and molecular methods such as Colony morphology pattern, Gram staining technique, and PCR confirmation. An antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was also conducted which showed that the strain was resistant to multiple antibiotics including ampicillin- sulbactam, amoxicillin, and ceftazidime. In this study, various biofilm formation tests such as: Congo Red Agar (CRA) method, tube method, and Tissue Culture Plate (TCP) method were employed to find the potential of black pepper extract in the inhibition biofilm formation. The findings indicate that black pepper extract exhibits significant anti-biofilm activity, which can be used as a non-antibiotic strategy to combat biofilm-related infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.