The role of the mass media in the fight against police brutality: a case study of the #EndSARS protest in Nigeria

Abstract

Public concern over police brutality in Nigeria has increased before and during the 2020 #EndSARS protests, making it crucial for this study to investigate the role of the mass media in addressing police brutality during these protests. Using a mixed-method approach, it integrates quantitative analysis of print, broadcast, and social media with qualitative interviews to investigate how media coverage shapes public perception and influences the protest narrative. While previous research has examined the media's role in social movements and activism, this study emphasizes the significant contributions of the mass media during the #EndSARS protests. Agenda-setting theory was employed as the study's theoretical framework to understand the dimensions and the narrative used by the media in framing police brutality as a central concern. The study’s findings reveal the crucial role of the mass media, particularly the effectiveness of social media in mobilization, documentation, public awareness, and its watchdog role during the #EndSARS protests. Moreover, it highlights significant challenges, which include harassment, censorship, and journalist intimidation, limiting traditional media effectiveness. In conclusion, with its surveillance and advocacy function, the media served as a transformative force during the protests.