An overview on the prevalence and diagnosis of dengue

Abstract

Dengue viral contamination has become greater in size, global health concern with over twofifths of the world's population at risk of infection. This paper provides a brief review of the history of dengue research. It is the most rapidly laying out measure borne disease, attributed to changing demographics, urbanization, environment, and global travel. It continues to be an intimidating remark in over 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries, affecting predominantly children. Dengue also carries a hefty financial burden on the health care systems in affected areas, as those infected seek care for their symptoms. The search for a suitable vaccine for dengue has been ongoing for the last sixty years, yet any effective treatment or vaccine remains elusive. A vaccine must be safeguarded for all four serotypes of dengue and be costeffective. Many proceed towards to developing, candidate vaccines have been employed. The candidates incorporate live weakened tetravalent vaccines, chimeric tetravalent vaccines based on attenuated dengue virus or Yellow Fever 17D, and recombinant DNA vaccines based on flavivirus and non-flavivirus vectors. Dengue viruses spread the disease to nearly 100 million human beings each year living in 110 countries spread over all tropical areas on earth. Tens of millions of dengue illnesses occur annually including the hundreds of thousands of children who are hospitalized for dengue hemorrhagic fever. A health problem of this scope should be regarded as a high priority and should have attracted ample funding from donors and national authorities. But such is not the case. A brief historical review reveals that there was a greater number of laboratories and a greater allocation of resources to dengue research 30-50 years ago than there is today. WHO needs to provide leadership in promoting dengue research. Each and every dengue-endemic country should realize the fact that a sustained research capability is crucial to resolve the long-term ongoing problem of dengue control(1).