Dimensions of belonging: the perception & preservation of non-Bengali Muslim ethnic identities in Bangladesh

Abstract

Despite the multiple migrations that took place following partition, the experiences of non-Bengali Muslim minorities remain understudied. This study aims to fill that gap. Through ethnographic qualitative methods, migrant’s decision to stay back in Bangladesh, their perception of themselves and their use of language, food and dress are specifically studied to understand migrant experiences. Findings highlight the majority-Muslim population of Bangladesh is a primary deciding factor in migration and staying back. Other reasons include better opportunities and stability in marriage. Migrant’s self-perception varies with their varied experiences, such as where they spent their childhood or whether their mothers were homemakers or professionals. Still, certain aspects remain constant, such as their identification as naturalised Bangladeshis as their nationality, and the importance of food and language in identity retention, and the loss of differences in dressing for most migrants. These findings highlight the varied experiences of migrants and the need further to study their experiences in a more specific context.