অভিবাসন ও পরিবর্তনশীল গ্রাম (Changing village: migration)

Abstract

This paper examines how migration is reshaping rural life in Bangladesh. Both international and internal migration have reduced poverty, expanded financial flows, and created new social classes. International migration—mainly to the Middle East, Europe, and Southeast Asia—brings remittances but also involves debt, fraud, and uncertainty. Internal migration, particularly in garments and construction, offers income opportunities, with women increasingly engaged. Migration shapes families by changing marriage practices, household authority, and generational roles. It also reshapes local power structures as remittance receivers gain influence. Although investment opportunities remain limited, migration continues to drive major economic and social transformations in villages.