BlinkGrid control: An eye gaze driven framework for quadriplegic patients to control home appliances

Abstract

This paper introduces an innovative approach aimed at empowering quadriplegic individuals through the application of computer vision technology for smart home appliance control. Quadriplegia, a debilitating condition resulting from spinal cord injuries, severely limits motor function and independence, necessitating external aid for routine activities. The associated reliance on caregivers for essential tasks often leads to emotional distress and diminished self-worth. To address these challenges, we present a novel 2x4 grid-based gaze estimation system integrated with eye blink detection, enabling quadriplegic individuals to independently manage a diverse array of household appliances. Implemented and rigorously tested on a cohort of 5 volunteers, our proposed system demonstrates remarkable efficacy. To enhance precision, the system employs a straightforward 5-point calibration procedure during its initial setup. This calibration process substantially contributes to reducing estimation errors and ensuring optimal alignment with the user's gaze. Notably, the proposed approach utilizes a low-cost webcam for detecting eye gaze, making it accessible and cost-effective. This practical implementation underscores the feasibility and potential scalability of the solution. By offering an intuitive and accessible interface, this approach significantly alleviates the dependence on caregivers, fostering an enhanced sense of autonomy for quadriplegic individuals. The amalgamation of gaze estimation and eye blink detection not only enables precise appliance control but also grants users the opportunity to regain mastery over their surroundings, thereby bolstering their self-esteem and emotional well-being.