Investigating contamination of edible seeds by E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genotype profiling of the outcome obtained from antibacterial effectiveness test in Bangladesh

Abstract

Contamination is a major problem for food particles worldwide, especially for developing countries. This study was conducted to detect the occurrence of two common pathogens E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in edible seeds. For analyzing, six categories of seeds were known for causing the outbreak. The purpose of this study was detecting any contamination occurring inside the seed sample and later the presence of ESBL producing gene was examined based on results. All these seeds are known for their high nutritional quality and they enhance the immune system by protecting the body from different diseases. This test procedure was initiated by collecting samples from five different places of Dhaka city and later they were washed with distilled water and soaked properly. For Culturing spreading method was utilized for bacteria detection and two agar media was used which are UTI agar. After performing DNA extraction and preparing PCR products they were examined on 2 % of agarose gel electrophoresis methods. For E. coli, 13.7% of the samples were positive, and the most positive sample category was flaxseed, and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 42% sample showed positive result and most positive category was sunflower seed by percentage most positive result obtained from sesame seed by quantity. AST analysis done for E. coli showed that the most resistant group was kanamycin, streptomycin, and ampicillin, which showed full resistance, and erythromycin, and the most sensitive group was ciprofloxacin (13.7%). For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most resistant discs were tazobactam, meropenem, and amikacin, and the most sensitive group was clavulanic acid, tigecycline, and nitrofurantoin. Finally, genotyping was done to find ESBL-producing genes, which were the bla TEM1, bla NDM1, and bla IMP1 Gene .For genes. , 7.8% (n=4) showed positive for bla TEM1, and all of them were flaxseed samples. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2% (n=1) were positive for bla IMP1 of sesame seed. Three of the isolates were positive for bla NDM1, and among them were sesame seeds, and two of them were sunflower seeds.