Estimation of open & short circuit fault detected distance in the underground transmission cable using Arduino & GSM module

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to develop an IOT based prototype that can detect both the open and short circuit fault location for underground cables by using an Arduino and GSM module. Identification of Short circuit faults can be done by using the concept of OHM’S law. For this purpose, we use the row scanning technique in a three-phase system that continuously scans the three-phase system. We divide the cable into multiple segments where every segment has a particular known resistance value. Depending on the fault location there will be a change in cable voltage which will be detected by the microcontroller and it will display the fault on the LCD and send an SMS through GSM. For open-circuit fault detection, we use a capacitor for each segment of the cable which has a particular time constant for each capacitor. When an open circuit fault occurs in a particular segment, the time constant will change, which will be detected by the Arduino and display the corresponding fault location.