The antibacterial activities of Peppermint oil, Mustard oil and Clove oil on Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas taetrolens

Abstract

Bacteria are getting highly resistant to antibiotics throughout the time and are getting harder to treat. This project focused on up to which percentage an essential oil can inhibit a multi-drug resistant pathogen, and what are the factors that may vary the outcome. At first, the bacteria sample were collected from tertiary care hospitals. Then biochemical tests were done to confirm their identity. Peppermint oil, mustard oil, and clove oil were selected as essential oils. As pathogenic bacteria, three gram-negative PDR, and MDR bacteria including Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas taetrol were selected which are common pathogens in the Bangladeshi scenario. To determine the antimicrobial activities of the oils, three methods were followed. First, the organisms were exposed to various concentrations (prepared by dilution in physiological saline) of the oil and then spread on different agar media plates. The other two procedures were the disc diffusion and agar diffusion method. Peppermint oil was capable of inhibiting Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas taetrolens up to 94.06%, 44.51%, and 61.02% respectively. Mustard oil was capable of inhibiting Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas taetrolens up to 51%, 42%, and 38% respectively. Clove oil was found to be most effective and was capable of inhibiting Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas taetrolens up to 100%. This project showed the potential of essential oils in treating multi-drug resistant bacteria and the factors that need to be focused on to develop medicine incorporating these oils.