Comparative analysis of AES algorithms and implementation of AES in Arduino

Abstract

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) are one of the most significant algorithms used in symmetric key cryptography. Finalist candidate algorithms of AES competition program arranged by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 1997 are, five algorithms they are: Rijndael, MARS, RC6, Serpent, and Twofish. From these algorithms Rijndael got the most numbers of votes and selected as the AES algorithm. In this thesis, various finalist candidates of AES algorithms have been analyzed, remarking its main advantages and limitations, memory usage of different algorithms and also the selection criteria of AES finalist algorithms evaluated on various evaluation criteria.Also the aim of this thesis project is to determine if cryptographic software can be implemented in commercially available hardware like Arduino that have limited amount of memory. More specifically, the different amounts of memory (e.g. Flash, EEPROM, SRAM) used and remaining need to be determined. For the scope of this project, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) was considered for the Arduino Mega 2560 platform.