Characterization of phytoconstituents, in vitro antioxidant activity and pharmacological investigation of the root extract of typhonium trilobatum

Abstract

In the present study, the phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant activity, thrombolytic activity, membrane stabilizing activity, acute toxicity and anti-depressant activity were evaluated using Forced Swimming Test (FST) of the root extract of Typhonium trilobatum. Phytochemical evaluation was done by performing different chemical tests and the presence of flavonoid, carbohydrate and phenol were detected in the root parts of the plant. Methanol, chloroform and ethanol were used as solvent in extraction process. Each extraction yield was analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to identify and measure the quantity of ascorbic acid. Total flavonoid content and total phenol content was also determined by UV–VIS Spectrophotometer. Ascorbic acid, flavonoid, phenol was found to be higher concentration in ethanol extract compare with methanol and chloroform extract. Ethanol was suitable solvent in extraction process of Typhonium trilobatum. In vitro antioxidant activity of the root extracts was performed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, cupric reducing antioxidant activity, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. These four methods were used to evaluate antioxidant activity and the root extract showed good potential. The root extract showed lower thrombolytic activity. Anti-depressant test was done by using forced swim test showed low dose anti- depressant activity. Our investigation indicates that Typhonium trilobatum roots contain high amount of ascorbic acid, phenolic and flavonoid compound which may responsible for its biological activities in folkloric medicine.