Isolation and identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa from river water adjacent to mangrove forest

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a critical opportunistic pathogen known for causing a variety of infections, particularly in hospital settings, and is associated with high antibiotic resistance, including carbapenem resistance. Its persistence in recreational waters, such as lakes and rivers, poses health risks due to its adaptability and capacity to form biofilms, which protect it from disinfection. This pathogen can lead to skin infections, gastrointestinal issues, and other health concerns through contact with contaminated water during activities like swimming. In our study of the Pasur River, we examined water quality and the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pH ranged from 5.8 to 6, indicating an acidic to neutral environment. Salinity varied from 0.1% to 0.8%, with higher salinity observed upstream, while the temperature remained consistent at 30-31°C. Out of eight samples, microbial counts measured in CFU/ml varied significantly, with Karamjal having the highest count at 171,250,000 CFU/ml and Dublar Chor the lowest at 7,625,000 CFU/ml. PCR analysis and gel electrophoresis confirmed 54 isolates as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with most isolates found near tourist areas. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that among 39 isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 51.79% were resistant to tetracycline and 58.97% were resistant to cefepime. The resistance percentage to imipenem was 53.85%, with an intermediate resistance of 23.08%, followed by 20.51% intermediate resistance to Meropenem. These findings highlight potential health risks due to bacterial contamination in river waters.