Unlocking the therapeutic potential of RNA: a comprehensive review of RNA-based therapy

Abstract

RNA-based therapy has emerged as a promising area of study in the field of medicine, presenting new therapeutic possibilities and a wide array of applications. This comprehensive review aims to examine the diverse landscape of RNA-based therapy, encompassing various types of RNA based therapies, their translation into clinical applications, and potential future developments. The article initiates with an introductory section that explores the importance and potential of therapeutic approaches based on RNA. The text subsequently classifies different forms of RNA based therapy, encompassing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and additional variants. Furthermore, the present review examines the pivotal significance of delivery systems, including strategies based on nano particles and other novel approaches, in efficiently conveying RNA therapeutics to their intended destinations. Within the context of the expanding potential, the aforementioned article also sheds light on the obstacles faced in the realm of RNA-based therapy, including impediments related to delivery and unintended effects on non-targeted areas. This statement highlights the importance of pre-clinical research and development, which plays a critical role in enhancing safety and effectiveness prior to advancing to clinical trials and eventual commercialization. Moreover, this review critically evaluates the utilization of RNA-based therapy across diverse pathological conditions, encompassing its prospects in genetic manipulation and its role in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of this discussion encompasses personalized medicine, with a focus on the exploration of RNA-based therapies and their potential for customization to suit the specific needs of individual patients, thereby leading to improved treatment outcomes. Simultaneously, the ethical and social ramifications are taken into account, emphasizing the significance of conscientious and fair utilization of these advanced therapies. This article examines prospective avenues in the domain of RNA-based therapy, contemplating forthcoming progress and innovations within this dynamic and rapidly developing discipline. Additionally, this study examines the regulatory framework that governs RNA-based therapy and explores the intricate landscape of intellectual property rights. In addition to conducting research and development, the review critically examines the obstacles and progress in the realm of large scale manufacturing and the clinical application of RNA-based therapies. This study explores the potential utilization of RNA-based therapy in the context of rare diseases and its implications for healthcare systems in developing nations. This review presents a comprehensive exploration of the interactions between RNA-based therapy and the micro biome, thereby broadening the scope of potential therapeutic interventions and offering intriguing prospects. In summary, this comprehensive review offers a comprehensive understanding of RNA-based therapy, providing detailed insights into its various applications, challenges, and future prospects. This statement highlights the considerable potential of RNA-based therapies to significantly transform the field of healthcare and establish new approaches to treatment in the foreseeable future.