Local varieties of Allium Sativum has more effective antimicrobial property compared to imported variety

Abstract

Natural antibiotics or commonly known as herbal plants are used against various small diseases throughout the history of mankind. Now we use synthetic antibiotics. However, these antibiotics are very much ineffective against various microorganisms because of the antibiotic resistance. In current work we used Bangladeshi and hybrid garlic against Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The garlic samples were dried and ethanolic and methanolic extract were prepared following a previously published protocol. The extracts were diluted by Dimethyl sulfoxide and Distilled water at 75%, 50% and 25% for conducting agar diffusion tests. The prepared extracts were tested on microorganisms by using minimal bactericidal concentration of garlic extract. Further, agar well diffusion test were performed in order to determine the zone of inhibition. For determine the qualitative analysis of the phytochemical properties of Bangladeshi and hybrid garlic, we did basic phytochemical screening tests. Bangladeshi variety of garlic showed MBC of 62.5%, 67.5%, 52.5%, and 65% against Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus pyogenes respectively where as MBC of 70%, 75%, 70%, and 70% was found for the hybrid variety against the same organisms. The average diameters of inhibition-zone were 11mm, 12.5mm, 21.5mm and 18.65mm against Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus pyogenes respectively while the same for hybrid variety were 8mm, 6mm, 20.67mm, and 7mm These results suggest that the local variety might be more effective against the bacteria tested in this study. The phytochemical test result shows that Bangladeshi Garlic contains protiens, tannins and phenols, alkaloids and tritenpenoids on the other hand hybrid garlic has proteins and alkaloids but tritenpenoids was absent. Overall, the result shows that Bangladeshi garlic might be more effective against microorganisms and it can act as a stepping stone to use garlic for therapeutic purposes.