Phytochemical screening, membrane stabilizing activity and cytotoxicity of ethanol extract of swietenia mahagony leaf

Abstract

Swietenia mahagony is such a medicinal plant that has numerous significant properties. Different parts of this plant such as bark, stem, leaves, trunk, seed, fruit and flower exert medicinal efficiency that can be incorporated to treat diverse ailments and can develop new formulas essential to treat newer afflictions. Swietenia mahagony leaves were focused in this study which was extracted with ethanol as a solvent. In the current study, ethanol extract was subjected to phyto-chemical screening, membrane stabilizing activity as well as brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Phyto-chemical screening was done by using distinct reagents intended for identifying primary and secondary phyto-chemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, glucosides, glycosides, saponins etc. It was found from the analysis that ethanol extract of Swietenia mahagony leaves contains carbohydrates, saponins and tannins primarily. From the membrane stabilizing assay, where acetyl alicylic acid which is a well-known anti-inflammatory drug was employed as reference standard reported to have minimum membrane stabilizing effect while incorporated with ethanol extract of leaves of Swietenia mahagony. In case of brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the ethanol extract showed satisfactory cytotoxic effect that permits more sophisticated assay to be executed in the future. To conclude, it can be claimed, the results obtained from the experimental data were appreciating enough to run further studies considering different parameters such as using different solvent type- methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform etc, activity of the plant extract on to evaluate anti-diabetic, anti-malarial effect etc